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Isolation, Molecular Identification And Antibiotic Resistance Pattern Of Salmonella Enterica From Fancy Birds

by Aqeela Kousar (2010-VA-303) | Mr. Muhammad Asad Ali | Prof. Dr. Aftab Ahmed Anjum | Prof. Dr. Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2016Dissertation note: Salmonellosis is a disease with serious health issues related to food borne illness and most of world’s population is suffering from it. Early diagnosis in case is very important for treatment of disease. Salmonellosis may hidden as a carrier state, acts as zoonotic components for transmission of disease. Therefore the test with more diagnostic value needs to be developed like Polymerase chain reaction after culturing and microbiological examination.Salmonella enterica infections continue to pose a significant risk for poultry industry and fancy birds. Salmonella infections have been controlled by antibiotics but in recent times antibiotic resistance in microorganisms especially in Salmonella is a global health issue. Antibiotic resistant Salmonella has further compounded the problem. Poultry isolate of Salmonella enterica (n=150) were procured from Jallo park, Safari park and household pets which are taken to Pet Centre University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore then brought to Department of microbiology UVAS Lahore and identified by biochemical testing, morphology, staining characters and genus specific PCR. Antibiotic Susceptibility was checked by disc diffusion method against amoxicillin (30μg), ampicillin (10μg), cefixime (5μg), , ceftazidime (30μg), ceftriaxone (30μg), ciprofloxacin (5μg), gentamicin (10μg), nalidixic acid and tetracycline (30μg) and resistant pattern was 100 % in ampicillin and tetracycline and 41.18% and 58.82% % in gentamicin and ciprofloxacin respectively while antibiotic show 0% resistance. Fancy birds are carriers of drug resistant Salmonellae. A total of 150 samples collected from Zoo Lahore, safari park and household pet fancy birds each of n=50. Samples will enriched by non-selective and selective media, After isolation on selective media macroscopic, biochemical analysis and microscopic examination done. DNA Summary 53 extracted from culture isolated from cloacal swabs and polymerase chain reaction performed using primers. Amplication will be observed using Agarose gel electrophoresis. Research highlighted the prevalence of Salmonella in fancy birds and its possibility of transmission to human beings. Research also provided data on antibiotic resistance in Salmonellae from fancy birds and its possible role in ever increasing problem of antibiotic resistance. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2615-T] (1).

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Study On Contamination Of Toxigenic Staphylococcus Aureus In Frozen Desserts And Its Public Health Significance

by Moin Afzal (2009-VA-244) | Dr. Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq | Prof. Dr. Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad | Prof. Dr. Aftab Ahmed Anjum.

Material type: book Book; Literary form: not fiction Publisher: 2017Dissertation note: Frozen desserts are ice cream and other ices which are kept frozen or at low temperature that are said to be frozen dairy desserts. Frozen desserts include ice cream, ice milk and other edible ices. Ice cream is mainly prepared with milk fat which is about 10-16% according to manufacturer standard, without fat milk solids is almost 9-12%, sugar mainly sucrose is about 9-12%, it has water about 55 - 64% and 0.200.50% are stabilizeror emulsifier In this study 100 samples of commercially prepared frozen desserts were collected and analyzed microbiologically. Nine towns of Lahore were studied, 10 samples were collected from each town from the street venders/local manufacturer, total 90 samples from venders/local manufacturers and 10 samples were collected from the brands outlets. Frozen desserts include dairy frozen dessert, synthetic frozen dessert and some frozen dairy desserts. These samples were culture on Baird Parker agar and the isolated bacteria were further confirmed by PCR tests for detection and identification of the genes encoding Staphylococcal Enterotoxin type A Staphylococcal Enterotoxin type B. Total 100 samples were processed microbiologically to identify the S. aureuscontamination in frozen desserts. Samples were taken from street vendors and local manufacturers. The results showed that 64% of the dairy frozen desserts were found positive by Staphylococcus spp. 56.25% of the isolates were coagulase positive. The PCR results showed that 17.8% of the S. aureusisolates possess type A gene, while 12.5% had the type B gene, and 9.3% carry both genes. Laboratory results showed that street vendors which do not have any hygienic conditions as well as temperature maintenance system for their product, they were found contaminated with S. aureus. Major factor of S. aureuscontamination is the personnel handling involvement in the manufacturing frozen desserts. Personnel who were not following hygienic rules to manufacture frozen desserts were found contaminated withS. aureus.S. aureuscan survive at low temperature but cannot grow and produce enterotoxins at low temperature whenever there is a temperature fluctuation S. aureus grows and produce enterotoxins, which could be public health hazard Street vendors don’t have any temperature control system when there is no electricity.Frozen dessert consumers are at risk to get food borne illness or food poisoning. Availability: Items available for loan: UVAS Library [Call number: 2942-T] (1).

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